IoT-Based Real-Time Radiation Monitoring System for Cardiac Catheterization Rooms

Abstract

Cardiac catheterization is a significant exposure risk for healthcare workers to ionizing radiation.Repeated low doses may increase the lifetime risk of cancer, so it is important to monitor doses in real-time to minimize unnecessary exposure and to safeguard workers.Traditional personal dosimeters provide limited feedback and delayed readings.In this paper, a low-cost Internet of Things (IoT)-based system that enables real-time radiation monitoring to support occupational safety is presented.The system uses an SBM-20 Geiger-Müller tube connected to an ESP32 microcontroller to count pulses in counts per minute (CPM) and calculate the dose rate and cumulative dose.Data are transmitted via local Wi-Fi using HTTP/JSON to a local Flask-based server, stored in an stores it in a database (SQLite), and displayed through an interactive web dashboard with real-time alerts.The system was field-tested in a catheterization laboratory for four weeks.For detailed analysis, the day with the highest number of procedures was selected as a case study, during which nine interventional procedures were performed by a single physician.The average background radiation in the hospital was approximately 22 CPM (0.17 µSv/h).The average cumulative dose per procedure was 1.54 ± 1.00 µSv.The dose rate ranged from 5.09 to 15.98 µSv/h, with an overall average of 7.88 µSv/h.