TG-191 in-vivo dosimetry programmes — IMRT/VMAT routine practice, TBI / TSET, special techniques. Curated daily from Europe PMC (PubMed + PMC + preprints) and OpenAlex — free-full-text link on each open-access paper.
Accurate measurement of ionizing radiation at high dose rates underpins radiation protection, industrial sterilization, food irradiation, and advanced medical therapies, such as high-dose-rate brachytherapy and FLASH treatment. Detectors purpose-built for these intense fields are costly and complex, motivating the search for inexpensive and widely available alternatives that re…
Irina Vierasu, Francesco Sclafani, Jean‐Luc Van Laethem, Wendy Delbart et al.
Colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) are characterized by distinct histopathological growth patterns (HGPs), desmoplastic (dHGP) also called encapsulated, replacement (rHGP) and pushing (pHGP) types, which have major prognostic and therapeutic implications. HGPs can only be determined histologically after surgical resection. This review explores molecular imaging as a pote…
Accurate diagnosis and treatment-response assessment for intraocular tumors, typified by choroidal melanoma and retinoblastoma, require characterization of tumor microvascular architecture and oxygenation. However, commonly used ophthalmic modalities—such as optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI…
Abstract Background: RF generators are core components of magnetic hyperthermia (MH) systems, yet output quality is rarely characterized beyond nominal frequency and amplitude. Harmonic distortion can introduce parasitic components that complicate reproducibility and accurate field characterization; MH-specific spectral quality indices remain limited. Purpose: This study propos…
Amir Hossein Yahyavi Zanjani, Hossein Danafar, Farshid Babapour Mofrad, Elham Saeedzadeh et al.
Bimetallic nanoparticles have emerged as promising radiosensitizers for improving the efficacy of cancer radiotherapy by enhancing local radiation energy deposition while maintaining acceptable biocompatibility. In this study, we developed and evaluated a novel Ag–Bi₂S₃@BSA bimetallic nanoplatform using an integrated experimental–computational approach combining in vitro biolog…
Abstract Purpose To propose a cumulative cold dose (CCD) model integrating spatial, temporal, and biological dosimetry for cryoablation protocol optimization. Methods Systematic searches identified studies reporting freeze duration effects, cell-type-specific lethal thresholds, lethal isotherm ratio, or protocol-stratified outcomes. CCD was defined as the total time tissue is h…
Yueling Deng, Xiao Zhang, Zhidi Pan, Xiaoying Lv et al.
Mesothelin is highly expressed in ovarian cancer and represents a promising target for precision imaging and therapy. This study aimed to develop and evaluate ⁶⁸Ga-XH04, a novel mesothelin-targeted immuno-PET tracer for non-invasive imaging of mesothelin expression in preclinical models and patients. XH04, a high-affinity anti-mesothelin antigen-binding fragment (Fab), was engi…
Seung-Hyeop Baek, Keith M. Furutani, Seyjoon Park, Justin C. Park et al.
Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a horizontal port (HP) system for carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by comparing the dosimetric characteristics and dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LETd) with those of a gantry-based plan. Materials and Methods: Five patients with NSCLC treated with CIRT were included in this study. …
Yuhan Tang, Yingze Zhu, Shaochun Liu, Xiaoxi Han et al.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6 inhibitors) combined with endocrine therapy have become a therapeutic backbone for hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer, yet durable disease control is frequently limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Canonical tumor-cell mechanisms, including retinoblastoma-pathway …
William Keustermans, Seppe Sels, Thomas De Kerf, Rhys Evans et al.
Accuracy evaluation of phase-shifting profilometry as a motion management add-on for intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery, Keustermans, William, Sels, Seppe, De Kerf, Thomas, Evans, Rhys Gustaf, de Freitas Nascimento, Luana, Hrsak, Hrvoje, Dolanski Babić, Sanja, Vanlanduit, Steve
Yuxuan Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhaohai Li, Yuanyuan Ma et al.
Angiogenesis is a fundamental physiological process; however, its pathological dysregulation drives diseases such as solid tumors, wet age-related macular degeneration, and rheumatoid arthritis. Although clinically effective, conventional anti-angiogenic monoclonal antibodies are limited by poor tissue penetration, off-target toxicities, and susceptibility to compensatory resis…
Evidence suggests that combining deep brain stimulation (DBS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is potentially unsafe for certain TMS target locations, though TMS can alleviate several DBS-resistant PD symptoms such as speech impairment, freezing of gait, and dysphagia. Addressing this issue, head phantoms designed for TMS with embedded electric field (E-field) triaxi…
Background: Delivery of ultra-high dose rate radiation at mean dose rates > 40 Gy/s, also known as FLASH, shows great promise in widening the therapeutic window by decreasing the normal tissue complication probability without compromising tumor control. However, several obstacles stand in the way of the clinical translation of FLASH: the underlying mechanisms of the FLASH effec…
Luiz Flávio Kalil Telles, L. M. Maria, Divanízia N. Souza, Luiz Antonio Pereira dos et al.
One type of dosimeter used in radiotherapy is the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), which is widely employed in in vivo dosimetry. This study investigated the response of a commercial MOSFET (STQ2HNK60ZR-AP) to photon and electron beams from a clinical linear accelerator. Radiation damage is typically associated with the dose received by the device and…
Existing volumetric MRI techniques are constrained by the trade-off between acquisition time and image quality, limiting accuracy in motion-impacted sites such as the liver. To enable fast, high-quality volumetric imaging with sufficient spatiotemporal resolution, we developed a time-resolved volumetric MRI technique that recovers 3D volumes from two orthogonally acquired MR sl…
Jin Jegal, HyeoungWoo Park, SeongHee Kang, Jung‐in Kim et al.
BACKGROUND: Superficial brachytherapy enables localized dose delivery for superficial cutaneous lesions, but conventional applicators may be limited in treating extended, irregular, or curved surfaces. Geometric constraints, gaps or overlaps between adjacent applicators, and placement-related uncertainties can reduce dose uniformity, underscoring the need to optimize applicator…
Over 150 years ago, it was demonstrated that wounds produce electric fields and currents. Recent research provides strong evidence that these electric fields send a powerful signal to guide the migration of cells and epithelial sheets to heal. However, the mechanisms by which wounds generate and regulate the electric signals are not known. Here, we demonstrate that cornea wound…
Aims: Quantum-Resonant Energy Coupling–Molecular Resonance Technology (QREC-MRT) is a remotely implemented, non-contact technology platform intended for application across selected material, energy and biological systems. This study develops a quantitative, physics-informed and falsifiable framework for evaluating QREC-MRT and uses coal as a worked empirical case study. The phy…
The FDA Modernization Act has accelerated the transition from animal-based testing toward human-relevant new approach methodologies in drug development, shifting attention from technological feasibility to regulatory implementation. Among these approaches, microphysiological systems (MPS) can generate evidence that more directly reflects human physiology, but their regulatory r…
Background Radiotherapy is a key treatment method for cancer, but high-dose treatment can lead to damage to normal tissues and chronic fibrosis. There is a lack of systematic temporal analysis of the dynamic progression from early damage signals to late extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Methods and materials We reanalyzed publicly available scRNA-seq count matrices from GS…
Photobiomodulation (PBM) has demonstrated substantial neuroprotective potential in experimental models of ischemic stroke; however, clinical trials have not demonstrated consistent therapeutic efficacy, raising concerns regarding its clinical translation. This review critically evaluates the discrepancy between predominantly favorable preclinical findings and inconclusive clini…
Xin Tan, Sandhya Vasudevan, Ilyas Saytashev, Devashish Shrivastava et al.
Abstract The field of laser therapeutic and diagnostic devices has a growing need for innovative experimental and analytical tools to support development of standardized methods for evaluating laser safety and performance. Current laser exposure limits in recognized standards apply only to ocular and skin tissues. These limits do not address safe exposure limits for internal ti…
Max-Johann Sturm, Clemens Benoit, Jan‐Peter Grunz, Stefan Weick et al.
BACKGROUND: Foreign body ingestion constitutes a common emergency in children. Radiography is essential for confirming presence, type, and location of ingested objects. International guidelines recommend broad anatomical coverage from the neck to the pelvis; however, the impact of radiographic exposure parameters and collimation on radiation dose remains underexplored. OBJECTIV…
Wojciech Krzemien, Mateusz Bała, K. Dulski, Wojciech Zdeb et al.
OBJECTIVE: Positronium-based imaging, including Positronium Lifetime Imaging (PLI) and multi-photon Positron Emission Tomography (PET), requires realistic modelling of positronium (Ps) decay in matter. Existing Monte Carlo (MC) implementations in Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) are limited to simplified single-or two-channel descriptions, preventing accurate …
Olivia C G Lampe, Eva C M Vitucci, Carolyn L. Cannon, Kyle Holland et al.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous inhaled pollutants. This review showcases current literature utilizing in vitro models of the human respiratory system to characterize the toxicity of VOCs. To map the existing evidence base, we conducted a scoping review following systematic search and screening procedures. Comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Scien…
Hongyi Wang, Yan Yan, Yueping Li, Sihan Chen et al.
Despite the remarkable therapeutic efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in hematologic malignancies, its clinical translation in solid tumors remains impeded by challenges including insufficient intratumoral infiltration, tumor heterogeneity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Molecular imaging, which enables the visualization and quantita…
Stephanie Robinson, Elizabeth Morris, Sofia Michopoulou, Richard Boardman et al.
OBJECTIVE: Bone marrow cellularity is routinely estimated from a small number of 2D histology sections, making assessment sensitive to section representativeness, processing artefacts and observer interpretation. Three-dimensional X-ray histology (XRH), using computed microtomography (µCT), enables non-destructive whole-block imaging of trephine biopsies. This study evaluated w…
Leonardo Lampertico, Gaia Muti, C. Carbonini, Chiara Romanò et al.
The accuracy of quantitative lutetium-177 single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (¹⁷⁷Lu SPECT/CT) depends on the imaging system, acquisition protocol, reconstruction algorithm, and calibration strategy. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a practical commissioning workflow to optimize ¹⁷⁷Lu imaging across different commercial scanner–reconstruction …
The primary mechanism causing energy topological distortion in the target area is the high-order synergy between boiling phase transition and inertial cavitation caused by high-power short-pulse (HPSP) focused ultrasound. A new multi-physics model that links bubble swarms with the thermo-acoustic phase transition at all scales is presented in this research. The pure enthalpy ap…
The nuclear envelope (NE) mediates transport between nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells and protects genetic materials against cytoplasmic enzymes. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate chromosome architecture, genome integrity, gene transcription, and cell division. In Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, depletion of NPP-3/NUP205 causes NE rupture, premature chromosome con…
Background. Roughly, half of new type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnoses occur in individuals under 18 years old and represent a more aggressive destruction of beta cell mass (BCM). [11C]-(+)-PHNO positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is used to assess BCM, but current pancreas PET imaging protocols are limited to adults. Previously published full count data from six healthy contr…
The nuclear envelope (NE) mediates transport between nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells and protects genetic materials against cytoplasmic enzymes. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate chromosome architecture, genome integrity, gene transcription, and cell division. In Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, depletion of NPP-3/NUP205 causes NE rupture, premature chromosome con…
The nuclear envelope (NE) mediates transport between nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells and protects genetic materials against cytoplasmic enzymes. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate chromosome architecture, genome integrity, gene transcription, and cell division. In Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, depletion of NPP-3/NUP205 causes NE rupture, premature chromosome con…
Caio C. Calarga, Caio Bruno Tolentino de Brito, Cláudia Carrara Cotomácio, Alyne Simões
To discuss how distinct pathogenic mechanisms underlying salivary gland dysfunction may influence responsiveness to photobiomodulation (PBM) in patients with hyposalivation and xerostomia. A narrative review was conducted focusing on the biological and clinical factors potentially associated with PBM responsiveness across different etiologies of salivary gland dysfunction, incl…
The nuclear envelope (NE) mediates transport between nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells and protects genetic materials against cytoplasmic enzymes. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate chromosome architecture, genome integrity, gene transcription, and cell division. In Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, depletion of NPP-3/NUP205 causes NE rupture, premature chromosome con…
The nuclear envelope (NE) mediates transport between nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells and protects genetic materials against cytoplasmic enzymes. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate chromosome architecture, genome integrity, gene transcription, and cell division. In Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, depletion of NPP-3/NUP205 causes NE rupture, premature chromosome con…
James J. Prisciandaro, Lisa M. McTeague, Michaela Hoffman, Andrew P. Prescot et al.
With growing knowledge of the neural circuitry involved in alcohol use disorder (AUD), interest in developing neural-circuit-based therapeutic tools, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), for people with AUD has increased. While mounting evidence supports the efficacy of TMS for AUD, multiple dosing protocols are currently under consideration, and little is known a…
Shengchao Zhang, Yuling Gao, Jiaqi Zhou, Tong Li et al.
Shock wave is a tunable pulsed mechanical stimulus that may modulate cellular behavior and tissue microenvironments during repair. However, how localized and transient mechanical inputs are translated into sustained paracrine or remote reparative responses remains incompletely understood. Extracellular vesicles, as mediators of intercellular communication after mechanical stres…
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